Healthy thyroid
Parafollicular C-cell
Parafollicular C-Cells are a type of cell found in the thyroid gland. These cells produce a hormone called calcitonin, which helps regulate calcium levels in our blood and keep our bones healthy.
Follicular cell
Thyroid Follicular Cells are also found in the thyroid gland. These cells produce thyroid hormones, which control our metabolism, growth, and development.
Thyroid
The Thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of our neck. It produces important hormones that help control our body's metabolism, growth, and development.
Diseased thyroid
C-cell hyperplasia (CCH)
C-Cell Hyperplasia is a condition where there are too many Parafollicular C-Cells in the thyroid gland. This can sometimes be a sign of a thyroid problem or, in rare cases, can be linked to a type of thyroid cancer.
Hashimoto Disease
Hashimoto Disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes the immune system to attack the TPO enzyme in the thyroid gland. This can lead to inflammation, damage to the thyroid, and eventually, low thyroid hormone levels, which is called hypothyroidism.
Graves' Disease
Graves' Disease is another autoimmune disorder that affects the thyroid gland. In this case, the immune system mistakenly causes the thyroid to produce too much thyroid hormone, leading to a condition called hyperthyroidism. This can cause symptoms like rapid heartbeat, weight loss, sweating, and nervousness.
thyroid Treatment
CCH -> Parfollicular C-cell
Surgical thyroid removal treats C-Cell Hyperplasia by removing the part of the thyroid gland that contains the extra C-Cells. This reduces the risk of developing thyroid cancer and helps prevent other thyroid-related problems.
Hashimoto -> Follicular cell
Levothyroxine is a synthetic thyroid hormone (T4) and treats Hashimoto Disease by replacing the thyroid hormone that the body is not producing enough of due to the damaged thyroid gland. This medication helps bring hormone levels back to normal, which can relieve symptoms.
Graves' -> Thyroid
Methimazole treats Graves' Disease by inhibiting the TPO enzyme and thus blocks the thyroid gland from producing too much thyroid hormone. By reducing the amount of hormone produced, this medication helps restore normal hormone levels and can relieve symptoms like rapid heartbeat, weight loss, and nervousness.
